CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus for Board Exam 2026-27, Download PDF Here
CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2026-27 has been released on the official website. Download the latest syllabus PDF, check chapter-wise topics, unit-wise marks distribution, and exam pattern for CBSE Class 12 Board Exam 2027.
CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2026-27 Released: The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has published the latest Class 12 Physics syllabus for the academic session 2026-27 on its official website. Students preparing for the CBSE Class 12 Board Examination 2027 can now access and download the revised syllabus PDF to understand the updated course structure, chapter-wise topics, and unit-wise marks distribution. Physics remains one of the most important subjects for students aspiring to pursue engineering, medical, and science-related courses. The newly released syllabus will help students plan their preparation effectively by focusing on key concepts, practical applications, and exam-relevant topics prescribed by the board.
CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2026-27: Unit-wise Weightage
| Unit | Chapters | Marks |
| Unit–I | Electrostatics | 16 |
| Chapter–1: Electric Charges and Fields | ||
| Chapter–2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance | ||
| Unit–II | Current Electricity | |
| Chapter–3: Current Electricity | ||
| Unit–III | Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism | 17 |
| Chapter–4: Moving Charges and Magnetism | ||
| Chapter–5: Magnetism and Matter | ||
| Unit–IV | Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents | |
| Chapter–6: Electromagnetic Induction | ||
| Chapter–7: Alternating Current | ||
| Unit–V | Electromagnetic Waves | 18 |
| Chapter–8: Electromagnetic Waves | ||
| Unit–VI | Optics | |
| Chapter–9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments | ||
| Chapter–10: Wave Optics | ||
| Unit–VII | Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter | 12 |
| Chapter–11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter | ||
| Unit–VIII | Atoms and Nuclei | |
| Chapter–12: Atoms | ||
| Chapter–13: Nuclei | ||
| Unit–IX | Electronic Devices | 7 |
| Chapter–14: Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits | ||
| Total | 70 |
CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2026-27
Unit I: Electrostatics |
| Chapter–1: Electric Charges and Fields Electric charges, Conservation of charge, Coulomb's law-force between two- point charges, forces between multiple charges; superposition principle and continuous charge distribution. Electric field, electric field due to a point charge, electric field lines, electric dipole, electric field due to a dipole, torque on a dipole in uniform electric field. Electric flux, statement of Gauss's theorem and its applications to find field due to infinitely long straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged thin spherical shell (field inside and outside). Chapter–2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance Electric potential, potential difference, electric potential due to a point charge, a dipole and system of charges; equipotential surfaces, electrical potential energy of a system of two-point charges and of electric dipole in an electrostatic field. Conductors and insulators, free charges and bound charges inside a conductor. Dielectrics and electric polarization, capacitors and capacitance, combination of capacitors in series and in parallel, capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium between the plates, energy stored in a capacitor (no derivation, formulae only). |
Unit II: Current Electricity |
| Chapter–3: Current Electricity Electric current, flow of electric charges in a metallic conductor, drift velocity, mobility and their relation with electric current; Ohm's law, V-I characteristics (linear and non-linear), electrical energy and power, electrical resistivity and conductivity, temperature dependence of resistance, Internal resistance of a cell, potential difference and emf of a cell, combination of cells in series and in parallel, Kirchhoff's rules, Wheatstone bridge. |
Unit III: Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism |
| Chapter–4: Moving Charges and Magnetism Concept of magnetic field, Oersted's experiment. Biot - Savart law and its application to the current carrying circular loop. Ampere's law and its applications to infinitely long straight wire. Straight solenoid (only qualitative treatment), force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields. Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field, force between two parallel current-carrying conductors-definition of ampere, torque experienced by a current loop in uniform magnetic field; Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment, moving coil galvanometer- its current sensitivity and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter. Chapter–5: Magnetism and Matter Bar magnet, bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid (qualitative treatment only), magnetic field intensity due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) along its axis and perpendicular to its axis (qualitative treatment only), torque on a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a uniform magnetic field (qualitative treatment only), magnetic field lines. Magnetic properties of materials- Para-, dia- and ferro – magnetic substances with examples, Magnetization of materials, effect of temperature on magnetic properties. |
Unit IV: Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents |
| Chapter–6: Electromagnetic Induction Electromagnetic induction; Faraday's laws, induced EMF and current; Lenz's Law, Self and mutual induction. Chapter–7: Alternating Current Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating current/voltage; reactance and impedance; LCR series circuit (phasors only), resonance, power in AC circuits, power factor, wattless current. AC generator, Transformer. |
Unit V: Electromagnetic waves |
| Chapter–8: Electromagnetic Waves Basic idea of displacement current, Electromagnetic waves, their characteristics, their transverse nature (qualitative idea only). Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays) including elementary facts about their uses. |
Unit VI: Optics |
| Chapter–9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments
Chapter–10: Wave Optics
|
Unit VII: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter |
| Chapter–11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter Dual nature of radiation, Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard's observations; Einstein's photoelectric equation-particle nature of light. Experimental study of photoelectric effect Matter waves-wave nature of particles, de-Broglie relation. |
Unit VIII: Atoms and Nuclei |
| Chapter–12: Atoms Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford's model of atom; Bohr model of hydrogen atom, Expression for radius of nth possible orbit, velocity and energy of electron in nth orbit, hydrogen line spectra (qualitative treatment only). Chapter–13: Nuclei Composition and size of nucleus, nuclear force Mass-energy relation, mass defect; binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number; nuclear fission, nuclear fusion. |
Unit IX: Electronic Devices |
| Chapter–14: Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits Energy bands in conductors, semiconductors and insulators (qualitative ideas only) Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors- p and n type, p-n junction Semiconductor diode - I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias, application of junction diode -diode as a rectifier. |
CBSE Class 12 Physics Practical Syllabus 2026-27
The record to be submitted by the students at the time of their annual examination has to
include:
- Record of at least 8 Experiments [with 4 from each section], to be performed by the
- students.
- Record of at least 6 Activities [with 3 each from section A and section B], to be performed by the students.
- The Report of the project carried out by the students.
Practical Evaluation Scheme for Class 12 Physics 2026-27
| Two experiments one from each section | 7+7 Marks |
| Practical record [experiments and activities] | 5 Marks |
| One activity from any section | 3 Marks |
| Investigatory Project | 3 Marks |
| Viva on experiments, activities and project | 5 Marks |
| Total | 30 Marks |
CBSE Class 12 Physics Question Paper Design 2026-27
| Typology of Questions | Total Marks | Approximate Percentage |
| Remembering: Exhibit memory of previously learned material by recalling facts, terms, basic concepts, and answers. Understanding: Demonstrate understanding of facts and ideas by organising, comparing, translating, interpreting, giving descriptions, and stating main ideas. | 27 | 38 |
| Applying: Solve problems to new situations by applying acquired knowledge, facts, techniques and rules in a different way. | 22 | 32 |
| Analysing: Examine and break information into parts by identifying motives or causes. Make inferences and find evidence to support generalisations. Evaluating: Present and defend opinions by making judgments about information, validity of ideas, or quality of work based on a set of criteria. Creating: Compile information together in a different way by combining elements in a new pattern or proposing alternative solutions. | 21 | 30 |
| Total | 70 | 100 |
| Practical | 30 |
|
| Gross Total | 100 |
|
Note: The above template is only a sample. Suitable internal variations may be made for generating similar templates keeping the overall weightage to different forms of questions and typology of questions same. For more details kindly refer to Sample Question Paper of class XII for the year 2026-27 to be published by CBSE at its website.
Prescribed Books:
1. Physics, Class XI, Part -I and II, Published by NCERT.
2. Physics, Class XII, Part -I and II, Published by NCERT.
3. Laboratory Manual of Physics for class XII Published by NCERT.
4. The list of other related books and manuals brought out by NCERT (consider
multimedia also).
Note: The content indicated in NCERT textbooks as excluded for the year 2026-27 is not to be tested by schools and will not be assessed in the Board examinations 2026-27.
CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2026-27 provides students with a comprehensive outline of the topics and concepts that will be assessed in the Board Examination 2027. By thoroughly understanding the syllabus, chapter-wise weightage, and unit-wise marks distribution, students can develop an effective study plan and prioritize important topics. Candidates are advised to download the official syllabus PDF and refer to it regularly throughout their preparation to ensure complete coverage of the curriculum and improve their performance in the board examination.
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