Top 10 Most Populated Nations of the World (2025)

According to recent data from the World Population Review (WPR), India ranks in first place in terms of population size, with over 1.46 billion people. China follows closely behind in second place, with just over 1.42 billion people.

Based on projections from the World Population Review (WPR), India is anticipated to become the world's most populous country after the year 2030. This growth is expected to continue for several decades, with estimates suggesting that India's population will reach its peak at a staggering 1.65 billion individuals around the year 2060.

 While the global population continues to increase, the annual growth rate is slowing down. In 2025, the rate is about 0.85% per year, which is a decrease from 0.97% in 2020 and 1.25% in 2015.

The current world population is around 8.2 billion, with an increase estimated at around 70 million people per year. The world population is expected to reach 9 billion by 2037.

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Most Populated Nations Of The World 2025

Here is the list of the top 10 most populated nations in the world in 2025.

Source: World Population Review

#1. India

India is the most populous country in the world, with over 1.46 billion people expected in 2025. Its population grows annually at about 0.89%. India’s demographic makeup is diverse, with a median age of around 28.8 years, and more than 37% live in urban areas.

Despite its large population, India remains self-sufficient in food production and is a major player in global markets for sugar and crude oil. Its population is expected to peak at 1.65 billion by 2060, after which growth will gradually slow down. India’s young workforce and rapid development continue to shape its future.

#2. China

China, the second most populous country, with approximately 1.42 billion people in 2025. Its population has slightly decreased by 0.23%, a sign of demographic shifts. The country has a high population density of 151 people per km² and a median age of 40.1 years. Most Chinese live in urban areas, which make up 67.5% of the population. China faces challenges related to ageing populations and lower birth rates.

Despite these issues, it remains a global economic powerhouse. Its population decline influences worldwide demographics and economic trends, making China a key player in global geopolitics and trade.

#3. United States

The U.S. has around 347 million residents in 2025, with a modest annual growth rate of 0.54%. Its population growth is driven by migration and natural increase. The median age is 38.5 years, with urban areas housing over 82% of Americans.

The U.S. is notable for its diverse population, vibrant economy, and technological innovation. Its landmass spans nearly 9.15 million km², offering vast resources and opportunities. The country’s migration rate contributes significantly to demographic change, maintaining steady growth despite lower birth rates. The U.S. plays a major role globally as a leading economic and military power.

#4. Indonesia

Indonesia's population will be roughly 286 million in 2025, growing at about 0.79% annually. Its land area of 1.81 million km² makes it the world's largest island nation. The median age is around 30.4 years, with nearly 60% residing in urban areas. Population growth remains strong, driven by high fertility rates of 2.1 children per woman.

Indonesia’s economy is diverse, covering agriculture, manufacturing, and services. It faces urbanisation challenges but continues to expand as a significant emerging market. The country’s large, young population offers potential for future growth and development, making Indonesia a key player in Southeast Asia.

#5. Pakistan

Pakistan's population is an estimated 255 million, experiencing rapid growth at about 1.57% annually. It covers roughly 770,880 km², with a density of 331 people per km². The median age is around 20.6 years, indicating a very young population. Urbanisation is moderate, with about 34.4% in cities. Pakistan faces challenges related to overpopulation, poverty, and infrastructure.

Its fertility rate of 3.5 children per woman sustains high growth. Despite difficulties, Pakistan is vital geopolitically and economically, with agriculture, industry, and service sectors playing significant roles. Its youthful demographic offers both challenges and opportunities for future development.

#6. Nigeria

Nigeria will have around 238 million inhabitants in 2025, growing at approximately 2.08% annually. Its land area of 910,770 km² results in a density of 261 people per km². Nigeria has a median age of about 18.1 years, with more than half living in urban areas. The country’s population growth is driven by high birth rates (4.3 children per woman).

Nigeria’s economy is diverse, with agriculture, oil, and telecommunications playing key roles. Rapid population growth presents challenges such as infrastructure strain and unemployment but also offers opportunities for a young, expanding workforce, positioning Nigeria as an influential player in Africa and globally.

#7. Brazil

Brazil’s population is estimated at 213 million in 2025, with a growth rate of 0.38%. Its land area spans over 8.36 million km², making it the largest country in South America. The median age is 34.8 years, with urbanisation high at 91.4%. Brazil’s population growth has slowed considerably, leading to ageing demographics.

The country’s economy is diverse, with strong agriculture, manufacturing, and services sectors. Brazil faces social and economic inequality but remains a regional powerhouse. Its large population and rich natural resources position it as a key player in Latin America’s political and economic landscape.

#8. Bangladesh

Bangladesh’s population will be about 176 million in 2025, growing at 1.22%. Its land area is 130,170 km², resulting in a very high density of 1,350 people per km². The median age is around 26 years, with over 42% of residents living in urban areas.

The country’s fertility rate is 2.1 children per woman. Despite economic growth, Bangladesh faces challenges from overpopulation, poverty, and climate change. Its young, rapidly growing population offers a labour force and potential for economic development. With strong textile and manufacturing industries, Bangladesh remains vital regionally despite social and infrastructural hurdles.

#9. Russia

Russia’s population will be approximately 144 million in 2025, experiencing a decline of 0.57%. Covering 16.4 million km², it has a low population density of 9 people per km². The median age is 40.3 years, reflecting an ageing population. Urbanisation is high, with 75% living in cities.

Russia faces demographic issues such as low birth rates and increased mortality. Its vast territory presents economic opportunities in natural resources but also challenges related to population decline. Russia remains a significant global power, but demographic trends may influence its future geopolitical and economic stability.

#10. Ethiopia

Ethiopia is estimated to have 135 million people in 2025, with a high growth rate of 2.58%. Its land area of 1 million km² creates a density of 135 people per km². The median age is around 19.1 years, with only 22.5% living in urban areas.

Ethiopia’s fertility rate is about 3.8 children per woman. Over recent decades, the country has seen rapid population increases, making it one of Africa’s fastest-growing nations. Its young population provides potential for economic growth, but it also faces challenges like poverty, infrastructure, and development needs. Ethiopia’s demographic trends shape its future trajectory as a rising African nation.

Future: Most Populous Countries in 2050

By 2050, the world's population is projected to undergo significant shifts. According to recent estimates, the top 20 most populous countries will be led by India and China, accounting for over 30% of the global population.

Developing nations in Asia and Africa are expected to drive growth, while some countries' rankings will see notable changes, reflecting broader demographic trends.

India's Population: A Snapshot of Change

India is now the most populous country in the world, with roughly 1.46 billion people. This number is projected to increase to about 1.7 billion over the next 40 years before it starts to decline.

1. Shifting Trends in Family Size

In 1960, when India's population was around 436 million, the average woman had close to six children. At that time, women had much less control over their reproductive health and lives. Fewer than 25% used contraception, and less than 50% even went to primary school.

However, things have changed dramatically. Over the past few decades, more women have received an education, access to reproductive healthcare has improved, and women have gained a stronger voice in their lives. Today, the average woman in India has about two children.

2. The Road Ahead for Women's Choices

While women in India, and globally, have more rights and choices than previous generations, there's still progress to be made. Many women still aren't fully empowered to decide if, when, or how many children they want to have.

The UN report classifies India as a middle-income country experiencing rapid population shifts. Based on current trends, it would take around 79 years for India's population to double.

Conclusion

The world's population distribution is changing rapidly, with countries like India and Nigeria experiencing significant growth due to high birth rates and youthful demographics. In contrast, nations like China and Russia face challenges related to ageing populations and declining birth rates. 

As the global population continues to grow, especially in developing countries, it will be crucial for governments and organisations to address the needs of their citizens effectively and sustainably to ensure a balanced future for all.

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